Malolactic Fermentation is the conversion of malic acid to lactic acid by bacteria from the lactic acid bacteria family.? Lactic acid is less acidic than malic acid, which in turn decreases acidity and helps to soften and/or round out some of the flavors in wine. These liquid cultures are available in vials to inoculate 6 gallons or 1 liter sizes to inoculate 60 gallons.